Independent, data-driven fundamental analysis on global industry leaders.
Specifically focus on Technology and Biotechnology.
Global Top 100 by Market Capitalization
Top 100 US Companies by Market Capitalization
Article list:
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Top 100 US companies by market capitalization
Top 100 US companies by market capitalization (as of 2026/3/30) Ranking Company Ticker Market Cap. 1 NVIDIA NVDA 4.07T 2 Apple AAPL 3.66T 3 Alphabet (Google) GOOG 3.31T 4 Microsoft MSFT 2.65T 5 Amazon AMZN 2.14T 6 Broadcom AVGO 1.43T 7 Tesla TSLA 1.36T 8 Meta (Facebook) META 1.33T 9 Berkshire Hathaway BRK-B 1.01T 10…
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Global top 100 companies by market capitalization as of 2025/12/23
The table below presents the top 100 global companies by market capitalization. Please click on the links to access articles for each company. I will continuously update the articles for each company in the list. The global top 100 companies by market capitalization (as of 2025/12/23) Rank Company ticker 1 NVIDIA NVDA 2 Apple AAPL…
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Inditex – FY25Q3 results
Below is the financial analysis based on the Inditex report: Income Statement Unit: Million EUR Item 9M2025 9M2024 YoY % of Total Rev (9M25) Net Sales 28,171 27,422 +2.7% 100.0% Cost of Sales (11,361) (11,132) +2.1% 40.3% Gross Profit 16,811 16,291 +3.2% 59.7% OPEX (8,479) (8,276) +2.4% 30.1% Other Operating Income/Loss (29) (48) -39.6% 0.1%…
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Inditex – History and Competitions
The history of Inditex (Industria de Diseño Textil, S.A.) is a masterclass in supply chain efficiency and retail strategy. Its evolution can be broken down into five distinct phases: 1. The Workshop & Retail Inception (1963–1984) This period focused on the transition from manufacturing to direct retail. 2. Corporate Formation & Brand Diversification (1985–2000) Inditex…
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Applied Materials – FY26Q1 results
Financial Performance Summary Applied Materials reported first-quarter 2026 revenue of $7.01 billion, representing a slight 2% decrease year-over-year. Despite the revenue dip, GAAP net income surged 71% to $2.03 billion, primarily driven by investment gains and tax adjustments. On a non-GAAP basis, which management views as more reflective of core operations, net income was $1.90…
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Applied Materials – History and Competitions
Applied Materials (AMAT) History: Key Eras Applied Materials’ journey reflects the evolution of the semiconductor industry, transforming from a small chemical supplier into the world’s largest provider of wafer fabrication equipment. Phase 1: Foundation & Early Struggle (1967–1975) Founded in 1967 by Michael McNeilly, the company initially focused on chemical vapor deposition (CVD) equipment. Phase…
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Shell – FY25 results
Shell Q4 and Full Year 2025 Financial Results Summary Financial Performance Shell reported full-year 2025 adjusted earnings of 18.5 billion, a decrease from 23.7 billion in 2024. For the fourth quarter, adjusted earnings reached 3.3 billion, down from 5.4 billion in Q3 2025. This decline was primarily driven by lower commodity prices and higher tax…
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Shell – History and Competitions
History of Shell, categorized by stages: 1. The Origins and Shell Transport (1833–1890s) Shell began not with oil, but with seashells. In 1833, Marcus Samuel opened a small shop in London selling antiques and Oriental seashells, which were popular for interior design at the time. 2. Merger with Royal Dutch (1907–1945) To compete with the…
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Intuitive Surgical – FY25 results
Analysis of Intuitive Surgical (ISRG) Q4 2025 Performance Based on the latest financial results, here is a deep dive into the company’s strategic position and outlook: Revenue Drivers and Product Momentum Profitability and Financial Health 2026 Outlook and Risk Factors Conclusion Intuitive Surgical closed 2025 with strong momentum, specifically through the successful early ramp of…
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Intuitive Surgical – History and Competitions
Here is the history of Intuitive Surgical (ISRG) categorized into four distinct development stages: 1995-2004: Foundations and Early Breakthroughs This period was defined by the transition from military research to a commercial medical reality. 2005-2013: Global Expansion and Technological Iteration During this phase, the company refined its technology and proved its commercial viability globally. 2014-2023:…
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Citigroup – FY25Q4 results
Citigroup Inc. 2025Q4 Earnings Summary Citigroup reported a solid finish to 2025, with growth across all major businesses and continued progress on its organizational transformation. Financial Performance Highlights Business Segment Results Expenses and Capital CEO Commentary CEO Jane Fraser noted that 2025 was a pivotal year for Citi’s transformation. She highlighted that the bank met…
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Citigroup – History and Competitions
The History of Citigroup: Key Stages 1. City Bank of New York (1812-1864) The bank was founded in 1812 as the City Bank of New York, primarily to serve the merchants of New York City. During this early era, it played a vital role in financing the war effort during the War of 1812 and…
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Thermo Fisher Scientific – FY25Q4 results
Thermo Fisher 2025 Q4 & Full Year Financial Analysis Thermo Fisher delivered a strong finish to 2025, with revenue and earnings exceeding expectations despite a complex macroeconomic backdrop. This performance underscores the company’s leadership and its ability to navigate cyclical fluctuations in the life sciences industry. 1. Financial Highlights: Accelerating Growth 2. Segment Performance Analysis…
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Thermo Fisher Scientific – History and Competitions
Thermo Fisher Scientific’s history is a definitive narrative of strategic mergers and aggressive acquisitions, transforming two separate entities into the world’s leader in serving science. Here is the evolution of the company broken down into key stages: 1. The Foundation: Two Industry Pillars (1900s – 2005) Before the 2006 merger, Thermo Electron and Fisher Scientific…
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Novo Nordisk – FY25 results
Novo Nordisk 2025 Annual Report Summary Strategic Transformation and Organizational Adjustment 2025 marked a period of profound transformation for Novo Nordisk. In response to unprecedented demand in the obesity treatment market, the company refocused its strategic priorities on obesity, diabetes and their related complications, as well as rare diseases including rare blood and endocrine disorders.…
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Novo Nordisk – History and Competitions
Novo Nordisk has evolved through four major stages, transforming from two rival Danish laboratories into a global leader in metabolic health. 1. The Rivalry Era (1923–1988) The company’s roots lie in the discovery of insulin and a long-standing competition between two entities. 2. The Merger and Consolidation (1989–1999) To compete on a global scale, the…
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Siemens – FY26Q1 results
Here is the summary of the Siemens AG Q1 FY2026 earnings release (for the period ending December 31, 2025): Financial Performance Highlights Segment Analysis Business Segment Revenue Profit Margin Key Drivers Digital Industries €4.8 billion 18.5% Strong software growth offset by challenges in automation hardware. Smart Infrastructure €5.3 billion 17.2% Record margins driven by data…
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Siemens – History and Competitions
Siemens History: A Journey from Telegraphy to Digital Industry The history of Siemens spans over 175 years, evolving from a small Berlin workshop into a global powerhouse in electronics, energy, and industrial automation. Its trajectory can be divided into four defining eras: 1. The Era of Telegraphy and Innovation (1847–1890) In 1847, Werner von Siemens…
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Lam Research – 2025Q4 results
The following summary is based on the Lam Research Corporation (LRCX) 10-Q filing for the fiscal quarter ended December 29, 2025, filed on January 29, 2026. Financial Performance Highlights Lam Research reported a strong quarter with revenue reaching $4.30 billion, representing a 14.5% increase compared to $3.76 billion in the same quarter of the previous…
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Lam Research – History and Competitions
1. Foundation and Etch Leadership (1980–1989) This era established Lam Research as a pioneer in the plasma etch market. 2. Global Expansion and Deposition Entry (1990–2000) Lam expanded its global footprint and diversified its technology portfolio beyond etching. 3. Strategic Consolidation and Transformation (2001–2012) This period saw Lam transform into a comprehensive equipment supplier through…
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Abbott FY25 results
Abbott 2025 Full-Year and Q4 Financial Results Summary Full-Year 2025 Financial Performance Q4 2025 Performance Highlights Key Business Segment Performance (Q4 Organic Growth) Strategic Highlights & Innovations 2026 Guidance Five-Year Financial Ratio Analysis (2021-2025) Based on Abbott’s annual reports and the latest 2025 earnings release, here is the summary of the core financial ratios for…
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Abbott – History and Competitions
Abbott Laboratories was founded in 1888 and has a history spanning over 135 years. Its development can be divided into the following key stages: Phase 1: Founding and the Alkaloidal Revolution (1888-1915) Core Products: Alkaloidal granules (precisely dosed active plant extracts). Core Strategy: Scientific Standardization. Moving away from unstable liquid medicines to provide doctors with…